Simul-rappelling or simultaneously rappelling - Used in climbing and canyoning.The set-up is similar to a regular rappelling, with the incapacitated climber suspended from the descender (and backed up on the primary climbers harness). This is useful in rescue situations when one of the climbers is incapacitated or the descent needs to be done quickly. Involves two climbers descending on the same belay device. Tandem or spider abseiling - Used in climbing.The abseiler descends facing downwards allowing them to see where they are going. Australian rappel - Used in the military.Styles/techniques Australian rappel demonstrated at a dam in Norway Rescue-style (eared) figure eight descender and rope Military applications - tactical heliborne insertion of troops, including special forces, into the battlefield close to the objective when proper landing zones are not available.Rescue applications - used to access injured people on or nearby cliffs.Industrial/commercial applications - to access parts of structures or buildings so as to perform maintenance, cleaning or construction, known as rope access.Caving and speleology - where underground pitches need to be accessed.
Canyoning - to descend tall waterfalls and/or cliffs. Climbing - for returning to the base of a climb or to a point where one can try a new route. Boots or climbing shoes: Used to increase friction against the rockĪpplication A United States Air Force Pararescueman rappels from a helicopter during a training exercise in Iraq, 2008Ībseiling is used in a number of applications, including:. May increase the risk of accident by becoming caught in the descender. Gloves: Used to protect hands from the rope and from colliding with the wall. Helmets: Used to protect the head from bumps and falling rocks. Safety back-up: Typically a friction hitch such as a Prusik, Klemheist knot, or autoblock knot wrapped around the rope as to prevent uncontrolled descents. Fit is important to prevent suspension trauma. Climbing harness: Fixed around the waist or whole body used to secure the descender. A descender: A friction device or friction hitch that allows rope to be played out in a controlled fashion, under load, with a minimal effort by the person controlling it. Some areas have fixed anchors such as bolts or pitons. Anchors: Usually constructed from trees, boulders, ice or rock features, using webbing/cordelette, or rock climbing equipment. Ropes: Static rope is ideal, but often dynamic rope is used. During that ascent, Charlet mastered the technique. After many attempts, some of them solo, he managed to reach the summit of the Petit Dru in 1879 in the company of two other hired Chamonix guides, Prosper Payot and Frédéric Folliguet. Charlet originally devised the technique during a failed solo attempt of Petit Dru in 1876. Frison in turn attributed the technique of abseiling to Jean Charlet-Straton, a Chamonix guide who lived from 1840 to 1925. The origin of the term rappel in reference to the technique is attributed by Roger Frison-Roche circa 1944. Globally, the term "rappelling" appears in books written in English more often than "abseiling". In Australia, New Zealand and Canada, the two terms are used interchangeably. In the United Kingdom, both terms are understood, but "abseiling" is more common. In the United States, the term "rappelling" is used. Practitioners choose a technique based on speed, safety, weight and other circumstantial concerns. the Dülfersitz technique) to using custom-built devices like a rack or a figure of 8. These techniques range from wrapping the rope around their body (e.g. To descend safely, abseilers use a variety of techniques to increase the friction on the rope to the point where it can be controlled comfortably. Rope access technicians also use this as a method to access difficult-to-reach areas from above for various industrial applications like maintenance, construction, inspection and welding. Many climbers use this technique to protect established anchors from damage. The technique is used by climbers, mountaineers, cavers, canyoners, search and rescue and rope access technicians to descend cliffs or slopes when they are too steep and/or dangerous to descend without protection. When abseiling, the person descending controls their own movement down the rope, in contrast to lowering off, in which the rope attached to the person descending is paid out by their belayer. 
A time-lapse panorama of a rock climber abseiling off a climbĪbseiling ( / ˈ æ b s eɪ l/ AB-sayl or / ˈ ɑː p z aɪ l/ AHP-zyle from German abseilen 'to rope down'), also known as rappelling ( / ˈ r æ p ɛ l/ RAP-pell or / r ə ˈ p ɛ l/ rə- PELL from French rappeler 'to recall, to pull through'), is the controlled descent of a steep slope, such as a rock face, by moving down a rope.
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